source list

#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted
deb http://ubuntu.indika.net.id hardy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.indika.net.id hardy-security main multiverse universe restricted

#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted
#deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
## team.
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy universe multiverse
# deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates universe
# deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security universe
# deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security universe
#deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntume.team/ubuntu hardy main #Ubuntu Muslim Edition
#deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntume.team/ubuntu hardy main #Ubuntu Muslim Edition
#deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ hardy free non-free #Medibuntu
#deb-src http://packages.medibuntu.org/ hardy free non-free #Medibuntu
#deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/tualatrix/ubuntu hardy main #ubuntu tweak
#deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/tualatrix/ubuntu hardy main #ubuntu tweak

USB MiniMe 2008 install from Windows

PCLinuxOS 2008 MiniMe Screenshot:

Essentials for installing MiniMe 2008 from Windows:

• PCLinuxOS MiniMe 2008 ISO
• fixMiniMe3.exe (does the USB conversion)
• 512MB or larger USB flash drive (we used a 1GB stick)
• A Windows host PC to perform the build
• HP USB format tool (optional)
  

How to install MiniMe 2008 on a flashdrive using Windows:

1. Download the HP USB format tool and format your stick using a Fat16 or Fat32 file system
2. Download and run fixMiniMe3.exe, a MiniMe folder is created
3. Download the PCLinuxOS MiniMe 2008 ISO and copy it in the MiniMe folder. More Download Links for the ISO can be found HERE
4. From your MiniMe folder, click fixminime2.bat and follow the onscreen instructions
5. Reboot your PC and select your USB device from the Boot Menu or system BIOS and proceed to boot MiniMe from your USB device

If all goes well, you should now be running MiniMe from a USB flash drive!

Creating the file for saving your changes (persistence):

1. Boot your PC from USB MiniMe 2008 and login as root
2. Open Konsole and type fdisk -l and locate which device is your flash drive
3. type mkdir minime && mount /dev/sdx1 minime (replacing x with your flash drive letter)
   
4. type dd if=/dev/zero of=minime/changes bs=1M count=256
5. type echo 'y'|mkfs.ext3 minime/changes
6. Reboot your PC and enjoy having the ability to save and restore your changes on every boot

DAMN SMALL LINUX ON USB

Damn Small Linux Screenshots:

Portable Damn Small Linux Basic essentials:

• A 64MB or larger USB flash drive
• HP-USB Format tool (optional)
  
• 7-Zip (or another extracting utility)
  
• Syslinux
• dsl-embedded.zip

Damn Small Linux USB install tutorial:

1. Download the HP-USB Format tool and format your flash drive using the Fat or Fat32 option
2. Download the dsl-embedded.zip and extract the contents using 7-Zip to your "USB flash drive"
3. Download syslinux-3.36.zip and unzip the files to a directory called syslinux on your computer
4. From Windows click start-> run-> cmd
5. From the command window, type cd \syslinux\win32
   
6. Type syslinux.exe -ma X: (replace X with your USB drive letter) to make the drive bootable
7. Reboot your computer and set your system BIOS or Boot Menu to boot from the USB device. In some cases, you might also need to set the hard disk boot priority to boot from the USB stick if your BIOS lists the device as a hard drive.

Notes: It is possible to "boot DSL using Qemu emulation" without the need to reboot the PC. See the included readme file that was written by the authors of DSL.

If you still can't get DSL to work, you can try this full installation tutorial direct from the DSL wiki

IP and Port scanning using ‘nmap (Network Mapper)’ in Ubuntu

nmap is a powerfull scanner available in Unix/Linux system. It’s very usefull for network exploration and security auditing. It was designed to rapidly scan large networks, although it works fine againts single hosts.

It’s very easy to install nmap in Ubuntu, just download from the internet.

iyanux@server:~$ sudo apt-get install nmap



In this practice, I used 2 computer.

PC-01, IP = 192.168.0.3 (OpenSuse 10.1) with Kernel 2.6.16.13-4-default

PC-02, IP = 192.168.0.2 (Ubuntu Feisty)

I run nmap from Ubuntu to scan PC-01.



IP Scanning with range 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.0.255

iyanux@server:~$ sudo nmap -sP 192.168.0.0/24

Starting Nmap 4.20 ( http://insecure.org ) at 2007-10-16 21:51 WIT

Host 192.168.0.2 appears to be up.

caught SIGINT signal, cleaning up

iyanux@server:~$



IP Scanning with range 192.168.0.1 - 192.168.0.254

iyanux@server:~$ sudo nmap -sP 192.168.0.1-254

Starting Nmap 4.20 ( http://insecure.org ) at 2007-10-16 21:53 WIT

Host 192.168.0.2 appears to be up.

Host 192.168.0.3 appears to be up.

MAC Address: 00:0D:88:B3:72:F3 (D-Link)

Nmap finished: 255 IP addresses (2 hosts up) scanned in 31.242 seconds

iyanux@server:~$



Port Scanning with range port 100 – port 139

iyanux@server:~$ nmap 192.168.0.3 -p100-139

Starting Nmap 4.20 ( http://insecure.org ) at 2007-10-16 22:06 WIT

Interesting ports on 192.168.0.3:

Not shown: 38 filtered ports

PORT STATE SERVICE

113/tcp closed auth

139/tcp open netbios-ssn

Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24.914 seconds

iyanux@server:~$

For 40 ports, it took almost 25 seconds, so it will take much longer if you want to scan from 1-65535 (all ports in a computers).



Scanning Operating system on target IP

iyanux@server:~$ sudo nmap -O 192.168.0.3

Starting Nmap 4.20 ( http://insecure.org ) at 2007-10-16 22:20 WIT

Interesting ports on 192.168.0.3:

Not shown: 1693 filtered ports

PORT STATE SERVICE

80/tcp open http

113/tcp closed auth

139/tcp open netbios-ssn

445/tcp open microsoft-ds

MAC Address: 00:0D:88:B3:72:F3 (D-Link)

Device type: general purpose|specialized|WAP|storage-misc

Running (JUST GUESSING) : Linux 2.6.X|2.4.X (97%), Atmel Linux 2.6.X (91%), Siemens linux (91%), Linksys Linux 2.4.X (89%), Asus Linux 2.4.X (89%), Maxtor Linux 2.4.X (89%), Inventel embedded (88%)

Aggressive OS guesses: Linux 2.6.13 - 2.6.18 (97%), Linux 2.6.11 - 2.6.15 (Ubuntu or Debian) (93%), Linux 2.6.14 - 2.6.17 (92%), Linux 2.6.17 - 2.6.18 (x86) (92%), Linux 2.6.17.9 (X86) (92%), Linux 2.6.15-27-686 (Ubuntu Dapper, X86) (92%), Linux 2.6.9-42.0.2.EL (RedHat Enterprise Linux) (92%), Linux 2.6.9 - 2.6.12 (x86) (92%), Atmel AVR32 STK1000 development board (runs Linux 2.6.16.11) (91%), Siemens Gigaset SE515dsl wireless broadband router (91%)

No exact OS matches for host (test conditions non-ideal).

Network Distance: 1 hop



OS detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://insecure.org/nmap/submit/ .

Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 94.942 seconds

iyanux@server:~$



nmap Faster Execution

If you want to make faster scan, use -T4 option on nmap command..

iyanux@server:~$ sudo nmap -A -T4 192.168.0.3

Starting Nmap 4.20 ( http://insecure.org ) at 2007-10-16 22:42 WIT

Interesting ports on 192.168.0.3:

Not shown: 1693 filtered ports

PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION

80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.2.0 ((Linux/SUSE))

113/tcp closed auth

139/tcp open netbios-ssn Samba smbd 3.X (workgroup: HOME)

445/tcp open netbios-ssn Samba smbd 3.X (workgroup: HOME)

MAC Address: 00:0D:88:B3:72:F3 (D-Link)

Device type: general purpose|WAP|specialized|storage-misc|broadband router

Running (JUST GUESSING) : Linux 2.6.X|2.4.X (97%), Siemens linux (93%), Atmel Linux 2.6.X (92%), Inventel embedded (89%), Linksys Linux 2.4.X (89%), Asus Linux 2.4.X (89%), Maxtor Linux 2.4.X (89%), Netgear embedded (87%)

Aggressive OS guesses: Linux 2.6.13 - 2.6.18 (97%), Siemens Gigaset SE515dsl wireless broadband router (93%), Linux 2.6.11 - 2.6.15 (Ubuntu or Debian) (93%), Linux 2.6.15-27-686 (Ubuntu Dapper, X86) (93%), Atmel AVR32 STK1000 development board (runs Linux 2.6.16.11) (92%), Linux 2.6.14 - 2.6.17 (92%), Linux 2.6.17 - 2.6.18 (x86) (92%), Linux 2.6.17.9 (X86) (92%), Linux 2.6.9-42.0.2.EL (RedHat Enterprise Linux) (92%), Linux 2.6.9 - 2.6.12 (x86) (92%)

No exact OS matches for host (test conditions non-ideal).

Network Distance: 1 hop



OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://insecure.org/nmap/submit/ .

Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 58.830 seconds

iyanux@server:~$

Now, you only need 58,83 seconds compare to 94.94 seconds (without -T4 option).

Installing the Asterisk GUI

Asterisk 1.4 includes an HTML Asterisk GUI (well, it's more of a package for the creation of GUIs) by Digium. Installing it is quite easy once you have installed Asterisk 1.4 itself - see node Compiling Asterisk 1.4 beta.

The GUI is a nice AJAX app that will run through the Asterisk embedded web server with a recent web browser.

The first thing you'll have to do is to download the GUI, currently through Subversion only:

svn checkout http://svn.digium.com/svn/asterisk-gui/trunk asterisk-gui

don't worry if it takes a while to get this started, just let it run until the package is downloaded.

cd asterisk-gui/

make

make install

make samples

Before the package can start, you'll have to change a few things in your Asterisk:

Enabling the embedded HTTP manager and webserver
Edit /etc/asterisk/http.conf and change the following lines:

enabled=yes

enablestatic=yes

bindaddr=0.0.0.0

This enables the HTTP server, enables it to serve static content (the GUI itself) and binds to the standard address, so that any browser from a remote machine can access it.

Configuring the manager access
Edit /etc/asterisk/manager.conf and change the following lines:

enabled = yes

webenabled = yes

Then add a new section at the end of the file

[admin]

secret = test

read = system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

write = system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

This will allow a user called admin to connect with the password test and do nearly everything on the system.

Now restart Asterisk.

Do one last pre-flight test with the command

make checkconfig

If everything goes well, connect with a recent browser to:

http://10.10.3.103:8088/asterisk/static/config/cfgbasic.html

Where 10.10.3.103 is the address of your Asterisk system, and login as admin password test. You did it! The Asterisk GUI is now correctly configured.

Removing Asterisk

It is sometimes necessary to completely remove Asterisk for one machine, for example because you need to install a newer version.

Stop Asterisk and unload its modules
The first thing you have to do is to stop Asterisk and unload the modules it may be using, e.g Zaptel's.

The following lines will brutally terminate Asterisk and kill all ongoing conversation. You have to kill safe_asterisk first, otherwise it will respawn Asterisk.

killall -9 safe_asterisk

killall -9 asterisk

Then you'll have to unload the Zaptel drivers; check which ones are loaded by issuing a:

[root@zebru]# lsmod | grep zaptel

zaptel 214820 2 wcfxo,wctdm

crc_ccitt 2113 1 zaptel

This means that the submodules wcfxo and wctdm are loaded for zaptel. We'll have to remove them in reverse order:

modprobe -r wcfxo

modprobe -r wctdm

..repeat for all zaptel submodules....

modprobe -r zaptel

If you repeat the lsmod | grep zaptel command now, it should find nothing.

Delete Asterisk files
By running the commands below, you will delete with no possible recovery an Asterisk system. First make a backup of things you'd like to keep, lik ethe log files or the configuration files.
Remember: once you run these commands, there's no turning back!

rm -rf /etc/asterisk

rm -f /etc/zaptel.conf

rm -rf /var/log/asterisk

rm -rf /var/lib/asterisk

rm -rf /var/spool/asterisk

rm -rf /usr/lib/asterisk

Now your Asterisk system has been completely removed.

FREEPBX INSTALL GUIDE

Current linux distribution: Ubuntu server 7.10
Current kernel version: 2.6.22-14-server

Login as root and follow steps below:
notes:
- you are required to connect your Ubuntu server to the Internet
- for fast update and upgrade please configure your apt source
to the fastest reachable server
- in this tutorial you are assumed using Intel Pentium 4
- some of your installed apache server configuration will be changed
- you are recommended to use fresh install of Ubuntu server 7.10
(you will later update and upgrade this server)

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

apt-get install mc build-essential libncurses5-dev libssl-dev libmysqlclient15-dev
apt-get install linux-headers-`uname -r` apache2 php5 php5-cli php-pear php-db
apt-get install php5-gd php5-mysql mysql-server openssh-server curl sox subversion
note:
put 'rahasia' (without quote) as mysql server root password
please remember that this is only for the sake of following this manual
later on you have to change it to your own password

tar -zxf asterisk-sounds-0.1.tar.gz
tar -zxf zaptel-firmware-0.1.tar.gz

tar -zxf libpri-1.4.3.tar.gz
cd libpri-1.4.3
make
make install
cd ../

tar -zxf zaptel-1.4.8.tar.gz
cd zaptel-1.4.8
./configure
make menuconfig
note:
select all options on ‘Utilities’
press x to save selections
cp ../zaptel-firmware-0.1/firmware/* firmware/
make
make install
make config
cd ../

tar -zxf asterisk-1.4.17.tar.gz
cd asterisk-1.4.17
./configure
make menuconfig
note:
remove chan_mgcp, chan_phone, chan_oss, chan_skinny from ‘Channel Drivers’
remove codec_adpcm, codec_a_mu, codec_lpc10 from ‘Codec Translators’
select EXTRA-SOUNDS-EN-GSM from 'Extras Sound Packages'
press x to save selections
cp ../asterisk-sounds-0.1/sounds/* sounds/
make
make install
make samples
genzaptelconf
note:
genzaptelconf is part of zaptel package, but make sure to execute this after
installing asterisk
cd ../

tar -zxf asterisk-addons-1.4.5.tar.gz
cd asterisk-addons-1.4.5
./configure
make menuconfig
note:
remove chan_ooh323 from ‘Asterisk Addon Modules’
make sure the rest is selected
make
make install
make samples
cd ../

tar -zxf codec-g723-g729-p4-0.1.tar.gz
cd codec-g723-g729-p4-0.1
cp codec_g729-ast14-gcc4-glibc-pentium4.so /usr/lib/asterisk/modules/codec_g729.so
cp codec_g723-ast14-gcc4-glibc-pentium4.so /usr/lib/asterisk/modules/codec_g723.so
cd ../

useradd -s /bin/false -m asterisk
note:
default shell is /bin/false and create a home directory (needed by FOP)

mcedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
note:
look for this lines:
User www-data
Group www-data
and change to below lines:
User asterisk
Group asterisk

a2enmod php5
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

chown asterisk.asterisk /etc/asterisk -R
chown asterisk.asterisk /usr/lib/asterisk -R
chown asterisk.asterisk /var/lib/asterisk -R
chown asterisk.asterisk /var/log/asterisk -R
chown asterisk.asterisk /var/spool/asterisk -R

mcedit /etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf
note:
look for astrundir path like this line:
astrundir => /var/run
and change it to:
astrundir => /var/log/asterisk

asterisk -U asterisk -G asterisk

mysqladmin -u root -p password rahasia
note:
lets make sure that you change the mysql server root password
'rahasia' (without quote) is a password chosen for testing purposes only

mysqladmin -u root -p create asterisk
mysqladmin -u root -p create asteriskcdrdb

tar -zxf freepbx-2.3.1.tar.gz
cd freepbx-2.3.1
mysql -u root -p asterisk <>
Change above IP address to your own IP

ln -s /usr/local/sbin/amportal /etc/init.d/amportal
update-rc.d amportal defaults
cd ../

rm -f /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
rm -f /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
rm -f /etc/asterisk/iax.conf
rm -f /etc/asterisk/zapata.conf

mcedit /etc/asterisk/zapata.conf
note:
type below lines and save the file:
[trunkgroups]
[channels]
#include zapata-channels.conf

chown asterisk.asterisk /etc/asterisk/zapata.conf

/etc/init.d/amportal start

browse FreePBX admin web page, http:///admin (please use Firefox)
and click 'Apply Configuration Changes' on top of the page

mcedit /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
note:
look for lines like below:
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
and change them to:
disallow=all
; enable g729 and gsm only when you have remote agents (from internet)
;allow=g729
;allow=gsm
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
; enable below options for video support (now disabled)
;allow=h264
;allow=h263p
;allow=h263
;videosupport=yes
;maxcallbitrate=128

mcedit /etc/asterisk/iax.conf
note:
look for lines like below:
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
allow=gsm
and change them to:
disallow=all
; enable g729 and gsm only when you have remote agents (from internet)
;allow=g729
;allow=gsm
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw

asterisk -rx "reload"

back to FreePBX admin web page and start configuring. installation finish.

that's all :)
onto next journey ! configurations !